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<p>Today (September 26, 2025) the USPTO published a decision called
<i>Ex parte Desjardins</i>, a copy of which is attached to this
email.</p>
<p>In this case, some patent applicant in the world of AI appealed
to the PTAB about a 103 rejection. The case reached a three-judge
panel of the PTAB. The panel decided that in addition to ruling
on the 103 rejection, it would <i>sua sponte</i> toss in a new
ground of rejection under Section 101. A request for rehearing
fell on deaf ears with this panel. The applicant didn't like that
much and appealed to the Appeals Review Panel. This panel is
Director Squires (who took office a couple of days ago) and Acting
Commissioner Wallace and CAPJ Kim.</p>
<p>The ARP scolded the three-judge panel and reversed. Here is a
paragraph from page 9 of the decision:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Under a charitable view, the overbroad reasoning of the
original panel below is perhaps understandable given the
confusing nature of existing § 101 jurisprudence, but troubling,
because this case highlights what is at stake. Categorically
excluding AI innovations from patent protection in the United
States jeopardizes America's leadership in this critical
emerging technology. Yet, under the panel's reasoning, many AI
innovations are potentially unpatentable - even if they are
adequately described and nonobvious - because the panel
essentially equated any machine learning with an unpatentable
"algorithm" and the remaining additional elements as "generic
computer components," without adequate explanation. ...
Examiners and panels should not evaluate claims at such a high
level of generality.</p>
</blockquote>
<p> It has gotten to the point where every one of my pending cases
that has software or AI or a neural network or a large language
model in it gets automatically rejected under Section 101. And
yes, in each of those cases, the Examiner routinely ignores the
paragraphs of experimental results showing the improvements that
the invention provides. I think it's likely that going forward,
when I respond to such an Office Action, I will be quoting this
paragraph in the response.</p>
<p>I think it is extremely sad that the decision specifically cites
"America's leadership" as the thing that needs to be protected. I
worry that the decision will signal to the Examiner that the
citizenship or domicile of the applicant is somehow relevant in
deciding whether the 101 rejection should be imposed.</p>
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<th valign="BASELINE" align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap">Subject:
</th>
<td>Appeals Review Panel issues a new decision</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th valign="BASELINE" align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap">Date: </th>
<td>Fri, 26 Sep 2025 22:28:12 +0000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th valign="BASELINE" align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap">From: </th>
<td>U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:subscriptioncenter@subscriptions.uspto.gov"><subscriptioncenter@subscriptions.uspto.gov></a></td>
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<th valign="BASELINE" align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap">To: </th>
<td><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:carl@oppedahl.com">carl@oppedahl.com</a></td>
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<title> Appeals Review Panel issues a new decision
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<h2
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align="left"><strong>Appeals
Review Panel vacates PTAB
new ground of rejection
under 35 U.S.C. § 101</strong></h2>
<p
style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%; line-height: 1.4; font-family: calibri, candara, segoe, optima, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; color: #000000; text-align: left; margin: 0 0 15px;"
align="left">Today, an
Appeals Review Panel
consisting of Director John
A. Squires, Acting
Commissioner Valencia Martin
Wallace, and Vice Chief
Judge Michael W. Kim issued
a decision in <em>Ex parte
Desjardins</em> that
reverses the Patent Trial
and Appeal Board\u2019s new
ground of rejection under §
101.</p>
<p
style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%; line-height: 1.4; font-family: calibri, candara, segoe, optima, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; color: #000000; text-align: left; margin: 0 0 15px;"
align="left">The application
on appeal relates to
training machine learning
models, and reflects
improvements in artificial
intelligence (AI) technology
that \u201c\u2018us[e] less of their
storage capacity,\u2019 enables
\u2018reduced system
complexity,\u2019\u201d and
\u201c\u2018effectively learn new
tasks in succession whilst
protecting knowledge about
previous tasks.\u2019\u201d</p>
<p
style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%; line-height: 1.4; font-family: calibri, candara, segoe, optima, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; color: #000000; text-align: left; margin: 0 0 15px;"
align="left">The ARP
decision explains that the
claims are patent-eligible,
pointing to the Federal
Circuit\u2019s <em>Enfish</em>
decision, which observes
that many advancements in
computer technology, \u201cby
their very nature, may not
be defined by particular
physical features but rather
by logical structures and
processes.\u201d <em>Enfish, LLC
v. Microsoft Corp.</em>,
822 F.3d 1327, 1339 (Fed.
Cir. 2016). The ARP decision
further explains that the
claims at issue stand
rejected under § 103,
demonstrating that §§ 102,
103, and 112 are the
traditional and appropriate
tools to limit patent
protection to its proper
scope, and should be the
focus of examination.</p>
<p
style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%; line-height: 1.4; font-family: calibri, candara, segoe, optima, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; color: #000000; text-align: left; margin: 0 0 15px;"
align="left"><a
href="https://links-1.govdelivery.com/CL0/https:%2F%2Fwww.uspto.gov%2Fpatents%2Fptab%2Fdecisions%2Fappeals-review-panel-status%3Futm_campaign=subscriptioncenter%26utm_content=%26utm_medium=email%26utm_name=%26utm_source=govdelivery%26utm_term=/1/0100019988241d39-6f034cf5-ba25-44fb-977c-14cea075dff8-000000/bQ8-R1Z_7fIswcpQPGS3DwOqT8bI9o46r9mfB39cW-Y=424"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #0000ee;"
moz-do-not-send="true">Learn
more</a> about this
Appeals Review Panel
decision.</p>
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target="_blank"
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moz-do-not-send="true"><img
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\u200b <a
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class="govd_template_image"
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\u200b <a
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