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<p>By the way, some members of the listservs have already registered
for my 2½-day PCT class which will commence this coming Tuesday.
There are two hourlong sessions in which I will discuss David's
points discussed below, in extreme detail.</p>
<p>I would very much like it if a few more people would register
for, and attend, my class. There are still empty seats in the
classroom.</p>
<p>For those who have not yet made their plans to attend, it's not
too late. <span
style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Libre Franklin", "Helvetica Neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;">For
more information, or to register click<span> </span></span><a
href="https://blog.oppedahl.com/attend-a-2%c2%bd-day-live-in-person-patent-cooperation-treaty-seminar-in-beautiful-colorado-3/"
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<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 9/26/2025 3:29 PM, David Boundy via
Pct wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CAJwugqH0pE8++UA8zeNek+4z_F=kGus59FV9VLGgXysL4hXCgQ@mail.gmail.com">
<div dir="ltr">
<div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container">
<div>
<div>To amplify Dan Feigelson's post, it's really important
to know how domestic benefit, international priority, and
PCT national phase are the same (not very much) and how
they're different. If you see any bugs in this, please
let me know!</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>
<p><span><span> </span></span>U.S. § 120 benefit is a
completely different thing than Paris Convention Art. 4
priority. And § 371 national phase entry is a third
entirely different thing. They serve different
purposes, and the public policy tradeoffs are different.
<span>That leads to rules that are completely
different. It isn't a difference of degree; it's
conceptual and cultural incompatibility. The things
that matter are completely different</span>.<span> </span>They
are as different as written description vs.
enablement\u2014you cannot transfer what you know about one
to the context of the other<span>:</span>
</p>
<table width="864">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="288">
<p> <b>Benefit under U.S. § 120 (either
U.S.-to-U.S. or a PCT bypass)</b> </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> <b>Priority under Paris Convention Art. 4</b>
</p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> <b>U.S. National Phase entry (not a new
application) under § 371 (non-bypass)</b> </p>
<p> </p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="288">
<p> Continuity of pendency. That can last up to
20 years. Applications can link in a chain, as
long as there's copendency at each link--the
latest application need not be copending with
the earliest, if the middle links establish
copendency. </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> Twelve months from the <b>earliest</b>
application (Art. 4(C)(2), with the
qualifications of Art. 4(C)(4)), \u201cwhatever may
be the subsequent fate of the application\u201d (Art.
4(A)(3)). Copendency is <b>irrelevant</b>. </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> Within 30 months of the earliest priority
date. </p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="288">
<p> Continuity of inventorship, overlap of at
least one inventor. At least one inventor must
be continuous end-to-end. Continuity of
applicant or assignee is irrelevant. </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> Continuity of applicant (same applicant or
successor in title) (Art. 4(A)(1)). Continuity
of inventorship is irrelevant. </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> Continuity of applicant for any Paris
Convention claims during the first year, and
continuity of inventorship from PCT
international phase to U.S. national phase. </p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="288">
<p> Continuity of disclosure. A § 120
continuation-in-part can add new matter.
Continuity of disclosure must exist throughout
the chain, end-to-end: you can't have disclosure
in A, drop it in B, then bring it back in C. In
the U.S., continuity of disclosure can be
achieved via incorporation by reference. </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> Essentially similar, subject to (a) the
daughter jurisdiction's analogs of U.S. § 112(a)
written description and enablement (which tend
to be stricter than U.S. law), and (b) the
daughter jurisdiction's rules for CIP's (in most
countries, limited to one year from earliest
filing) </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> A § 371 national phase entry is <b>not</b> a
new application; it is the <b>same</b>
application (§ 363) with a new serial number
(and new rules for form -- PCT Rule 11 swaps
out, 37 C.F.R. § 1.52 swaps in). Because the §
371 <i><b>is</b></i> the PCT application, this
is satisfied trivially. No possibility for CIP
new matter. </p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="288">
<p> Continuity of benefit claim, including
requirement of an ADS. Each application must
claim benefit and priority to all parents. </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> Essentially the same substantively; procedure
differs depending on the procedural law of the
daughter jurisdiction. </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> Same as for U.S. § 111(a). </p>
<p> Because the § 371 <i>is</i> the PCT
application, this is satisfied trivially. </p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="288">
<p> Day one filing requirements are the same as
for a new application: specification and
drawings (which may be satisfied by \u201cfiling by
reference\u201d under 37 C.F.R. § 1.57(a)), plus, in
due course, oath/declaration, fees, ADS, etc. </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> Essentially similar to column 1 </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> A § 371 national phase entry is more analogous
to an RCE than to a new filing. All that\u2019s
required is a paper that identifies the PCT
application, and pay the base national phase
fee. Optionally, you can pay the search fee and
the exam fee, and include an Application Data
Sheet. </p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="288">
<p> No requirement for certified copy if the
parent is either a U.S. application, or a PCT
filed in RO/US. If this is a PCT bypass
claiming priority to a non-RO/US application,
certified copy required. </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> Proactive obligation to file a certified copy
within three months, even if the daughter
jurisdiction hasn\u2019t asked for it (Art. 4(D)(3)).
</p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> Each parent follows its own rules. For
example, for a U.S. benefit parent, or a PCT
RO/US parent, you don't need a certified copy.
For a non-US-national priority application or a
PCT application not filed in RO/US, you have a
proactive obligation to file certified copy
within four months of U.S. national phase entry,
or sixteen months from the \u201cprior foreign
application,\u201d even if the U.S. doesn\u2019t ask for
it. 37 C.F.R. § 1.55(f)(2) </p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="288">
<p> A daughter application can only claim § 120
benefit from a U.S. application, or a PCT
application designating the United States. </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> The parent application must be \u201cequivalent to
a regular national filing under the domestic
legislation of any country\u201d but it must be an
\u201cother country\u201d (Art. 4(A)(1) and (3)). No
same-country priority claims under the Paris
Convention. </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> A U.S. § 371 national phase entry <i>is </i>the
PCT application (just with a new serial number),
and retains exactly the same priority claims as
the PCT application. </p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="288">
<p> To serve as a parent to support a subsequent
benefit claim, the parent must have all filing
requirements completed, including payment of
fees. E.g., § 119(e)(2). </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> "Any filing that is equivalent to a regular
national filing" as of its filing date may
support a subsequent Paris Convention claim,
"whatever may be the subsequent fate of the
application" Art. 4(A)(2) and (3). To remove
an earlier application as a one-year bar, it
must be affirmatively abandoned before the next
application in the chain is filed. Art.
4(C)(4). </p>
<p> A provisional for which fees were never paid
can serve as basis for a Paris Convention claim
in any country other than the U.S. </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> A provisional for which fees were never paid
cannot serve as basis for a subsequent benefit </p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="288">
<p> A § 171 design daughter can claim § 120
benefit from a U.S. national utility application
or from a PCT-designating-the-U.S. application
(but not § 119(e) priority from a provisional).
</p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> Design patents (as \u201dindustrial designs\u201d) have
the same priority right, but only for six months
(instead of a year)<span> </span> Art.
4(C)(1). </p>
</td>
<td width="288">
<p> The PCT doesn\u2019t recognize any design right. </p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<br>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<div class="gmail_quote">
<div class="gmail_attr">On Thu, Sep 25, 2025 at 5:44\u202fPM Dan
Feigelson via Patentpractice <<a
href="mailto:patentpractice@oppedahl-lists.com"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-freetext">patentpractice@oppedahl-lists.com</a>>
wrote:<br>
</div>
</div>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote">
<div class="gmail_quote">
<blockquote class="gmail_quote"><img width="1" height="1"
moz-do-not-send="true">
<div dir="ltr">
<div>Karen, I can't say if there's relevant case law
on this, but working from first principles, it seems
to me that if you're only concerned about the USA,
there's no 35 USC 120 governs here, and that section
focuses on there being a common <u>inventor</u>
between the two applications (in this case, the the
provisional and the PCT), not the named applicant. </div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>"
<span>An application for patent for an invention
disclosed in the manner provided by<span> </span></span><b><a
href="https://gcfagjf.r.af.d.sendibt2.com/tr/cl/uyqt7ErNc9RT951Sw10ErWKC7kmQy1e-56QyEcvFvZVkEZuuhVfNMNpRFTm2w7I5SE5qv4qGzUR23apREQ4n1-JR-WHig4aCwEPQOT_oJ8awXemgNpJYLe3ITPVmxuwPIXFzMLwSyaaf-QSU_eCMUfF5CkZAox9xqWEHBRgws_o408iKzbyk2JM7MWuEMBslMLm3Y8vMfVm5kcR4MJce5PEtae6Gl90MLyeCGHBnKX18rLLsqSlCBWVkY53e1aWi0093B1CgZcUR5a9HLTj2abU_RjmksHpLBJcCb3FHEAPOG1BQwqaud21d2p1nAt4mE1QAdc1vGHE8ZNJ4LEqU2l0e7RKId05J"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">section
112(a)</a></b><span> (other than the
requirement to disclose the best mode) in an
application previously filed in the United States,
or as provided by<span> </span></span><b><a
href="https://gcfagjf.r.af.d.sendibt2.com/tr/cl/jiq2lD8eEiid2-AwpS7Vp1SlqnhB1DULd6tkoDPartI12W2hTR3xNSpgVnX1TB2GiRDntm37iLYEubMUCw8uB6xqr8wDofaRqlZM0rA2dGSnH_C6feOBOpB-dxYR5LE7YMXRH_WUHv7bQd_wMupcjgs99sT02vmxAM-fsO-8G9_3JJDr-wCrtwOxdpZvkyAmQwlf9rgWEh8WwM5tIIM6Ece5b4aG33-uMRuZqAzQJFRu2K23qxmsutrBOylxPZLSkhTMUbm179uEg_nQfvEP4HvdIwUXbLIl8LYb4hFfgvLd0NbfteeAjykpPm_KGp73VpQ0JB2NzAFOd4NqZS69lbGt2pgz1425"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">section
363</a></b><span> or<span> </span></span><b><a
href="https://gcfagjf.r.af.d.sendibt2.com/tr/cl/RKC6E5iTHea2mu3IDCb38DMQkB-Tnph46jRAIx2l1v_ALZi0hY2ycGLa2nzgvHi38cCWd4woZvYN1eddcG5yR-o_ARGnIb0xnhjjdCn1liwSu2UtvOC--OlngXy8QWT5f_jCj5hfsR8z2cf1Xz0-292Xlk_fITiBTj5t1QRtmulTYzPMmc1OBGYCMdNh6AUjv7dG_NsMdkUvxFXaIZjmiUlZKsZLwTz8RV84cu_YoBQCWYYNyPXivBTJZuNvzv3jPryY8rST3JvVzGrgnrAgYy3O5kNU66eNkdEL4q6oU4NmNkdxt_IpUHng4hjFmhW34Jc5vEsVWKTQBHdYJsT1CWQ_8J5LaUjk7p13EwXIEw"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">385</a></b><span>
which names an inventor or joint inventor in the
previously filed application shall have the same
effect, as to such invention, as though filed on
the date of the prior application, if filed before
the patenting or abandonment of or termination of
proceedings on the first application or on an
application similarly entitled to the benefit of
the filing date of the first application and if it
contains or is amended to contain a specific
reference to the earlier filed application.</span> *
* *"</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>So as far as the applicant name goes, I would go
with whatever's on the PCT. If there's still time to
get the names aligned on the PCT and provisional,
then do so (as PL suggested), if not, clean up the
mess afterward (as Scott suggests).</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Might be a different story outside the USA, but I
gather that's not for you to deal with. </div>
<br>
</div>
<br>
<div class="gmail_quote">
<div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Sep 26, 2025
at 12:34\u202fAM Patent Lawyer via Patentpractice <<a
href="mailto:patentpractice@oppedahl-lists.com"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-freetext">patentpractice@oppedahl-lists.com</a>>
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote">
<div>How close are you to the 30-month deadline? Do
you have 1 day? Can you correct the applicant
name tomorrow at WIPO? (Under 92bis PCT \u2014 I am
sure others will correct me)
<div><br>
<div><br>
<div><br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div>On Sep 25, 2025, at 5:25 PM, Karen S.
Canady via Pct <<a
href="mailto:pct@oppedahl-lists.com"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-freetext">pct@oppedahl-lists.com</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br>
<div>
<div>
<div><span>We have been asked to file
a US National Stage on short
notice and now see that the
priority provisional was filed in
the name of \u201cThe University of X\u201d
whereas the PCT 101 identified the
applicant as \u201cUniversity of X\u201d.
When you google the university, it
states that the legal name is \u201cThe
University of X\u201d and that their
\u201cpreferred name\u201d is \u201cUniversity of
X\u201d.</span></div>
<div><span> </span></div>
<div><span>We try to always ensure the
Applicant name is the same in both
documents, but here we are. Does
anyone know of TYFOIL or other
issues that make this a problem?
If so, what is the best version of
their name to use for the US
National Stage entry? We plan to
stick with the name as used in the
PCT, but wondering if there is any
corrective action we should be
taking.</span></div>
<div><span> </span></div>
<div>
<div><span>Karen S. Canady</span><span> </span><b><span>|</span></b><span> Partner</span><span></span></div>
<div><span> </span><span></span></div>
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title="http://www.canadylortz.com/" target="_blank"
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+ lortz</span><span> LLP</span></a></span></div>
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<span class="gmail_signature_prefix">-- </span><br>
<div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature">
<div dir="ltr">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><b>PTAAARMIGAN (Patent and
Trademark Agents,
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<b><span>David
Boundy </span></b><span>|
Partner </span><span><span>|</span><span><span> </span></span></span><span>Potomac Law
Group, PLLC</span></p>
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