[E-trademarks] [EXT] Re: Letter of Protest: anonymous?

Pamela Chestek pamela at chesteklegal.com
Thu Apr 11 11:55:45 EDT 2024


Thanks! Yes, a misnomer for sure - I'm not sure how "use" could be 
"premature"!

Pam

Pamela S. Chestek

Chestek Legal
300 Fayetteville St.
Unit 2492
Raleigh, NC 27602
+1 919-800-8033
pamela at chesteklegal
www.chesteklegal.com

On 4/11/2024 10:43 AM, Kevin Grierson wrote:
>
> Beat me to it.  The only reference to anything similar to “premature 
> use” I can find in the TMEP is in 1109.02, which refers to a premature 
> filing of a statement of use, which doesn’t seem applicable.  So I 
> took a look at one of the refusals for “premature use.” It appears 
> that the gist is that an applicant has filed a 1(a) application when 
> he/she/they/it has not yet actually used the mark in commerce (which 
> seems to me to be “non-use” or “premature CLAIM of use” rather than 
> “premature use”):
>
> _Premature Use – Final Refusal_
>
> The May 19, 2015 Office Action refused registration under Trademark 
> Act Sections 1(a) and 45 because the current “specimens” and 
> Applicant’s statements show that applicant has not used the 
> applied-for mark in commerce in connection with the identified 
> services as of the filing date of the application.  Trademark Act 
> Sections 1(a) and 45, 15 U.S.C. §§1051(a), 1127; see TMEP §§904, 
> 1301.03(a).
>
> Use or display of a mark in the sale or advertising of goods and/or 
> services before actually creating or providing the goods or rendering 
> the services is not use in commerce. /See Aycock Eng’g, Inc. v. 
> Airflite, Inc.,/ 560 F.3d 1350, 1360, 90 USPQ2d 1301, 1308 (Fed. Cir. 
> 2009) (holding that applicant’s preparations to use a mark in 
> commerce, by establishing a corporate entity to do business, obtaining 
> toll-free telephone numbers and contracting with suppliers, were not 
> sufficient to show use in commerce); /Richardson-Vicks, Inc. v. 
> Franklin Mint Corp/., 216 USPQ 989, 991-92 (TTAB 1982) (noting that 
> the goods to be identified by the mark must exist at the time of a 
> sale); TMEP §§904, 1301.03(a).
>
> In this case, the applicant filed over 150 applications which have 
> been refused for various reasons including likelihood of confusion, 
> false connection, mere descriptiveness, and specimen of 
> use.  (/See/ previously supplied list of Applicant’s co-pending 
> applications.)  The applicant indicates in most of its responses that
>
> "A professional company should be 1a because it is available for sale 
> right now. Any legal advertising cannot be done until the USPTO 
> approves the trademark."
>
> (/See/, e.g., attached April 22, 2015 “Response to Office Action” from 
> Applicant’s co-pending Application Serial No. 86/466965.)
>
> The applicant appears to be confused with what is required for a USE 
> based application as opposed to an INTENT TO USE application since the 
> above statement appears to show a misunderstanding of what is meant by 
> "use in commerce".
>
> Trademark Act Section 45 defines "use in commerce" as follows:
>
> The term "use in commerce" means the _bona fide use of a mark in the 
> ordinary course of trade_, and _not made merely to reserve a right in 
> a mark_.
>
> TMEP §901.01.
>
> Based on Applicant’s statements, and on the supplied “specimen of use” 
> (which is still nothing more than an image showing a rendering of the 
> mark on a piece of paper), it does not appear that Applicant is using 
> the applied-for mark in commerce within the meaning of Trademark Act 
> Section 45, and Applicant failed to address this refusal in its most 
> recent response.
>
> As a result of the foregoing, the refusal under Trademark Act Sections 
> 1(a) and 45 is maintained and made FINAL.
>
> If applicant’s services were being rendered in commerce as of the 
> filing date of the application, applicant must submit the following:
>
> (1) _A substitute specimen_ showing the applied-for mark in use in 
> commerce for the goods and/or services specified in the application.
>
> (2) _The following statement_, verified with an affidavit or signed 
> declaration under 37 C.F.R. §2.20:  “*The substitute specimen was in 
> use in commerce at least as early as the filing date of the 
> application*.”  37 C.F.R. §2.59(a); TMEP §904.05; /see/ 37 C.F.R. 
> §2.193(e)(1).  If submitting a substitute specimen requires an 
> amendment to the dates of use, applicant must also verify the amended 
> dates.  37 C.F.R. §2.71(c); TMEP §904.05.
>
> If applicant did not use the applied-for mark in commerce on or before 
> the filing date, applicant may substitute a different basis for filing 
> if applicant can meet the requirements for the new basis.  In this 
> case, applicant may wish to amend the application to assert a Section 
> 1(b) basis. /See/ TMEP §806.03(c).  However, if applicant amends the 
> basis to Section 1(b), registration will not be granted until 
> applicant later amends the application back to use in commerce by 
> filing an acceptable allegation of use with a proper specimen. 
> /See/ 15 U.S.C. §1051(c), (d); 37 C.F.R. §§2.76, 2.88; TMEP §1103.  If 
> the same specimen is submitted with an allegation of use, the same 
> refusal will issue.
>
> To amend to Section 1(b), applicant must submit the following 
> statement, verified with an affidavit or signed declaration under 37 
> C.F.R. §2.20:  “*Applicant has had a bona fide intention to use the 
> mark in commerce on or in connection with the goods or services listed 
> in the application as of the filing date of the application*.”  37 
> C.F.R. §2.34(a)(2); TMEP §806.01(b); /see/ 15 U.S.C. §1051(b); 37 
> C.F.R. §§2.35(b)(1), 2.193(e)(1).
>
> *Kevin Grierson**​**​**​**​***
>
> *CULHANEPLLC <http://www.culhanemeadows.com/>*
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> kgrierson at cm.law <mailto:kgrierson at cm.law>
>
>
> *From:*E-trademarks <e-trademarks-bounces at oppedahl-lists.com> *On 
> Behalf Of *Pamela Chestek via E-trademarks
> *Sent:* Thursday, April 11, 2024 9:44 AM
> *To:* e-trademarks at oppedahl-lists.com
> *Cc:* Pamela Chestek <pamela at chesteklegal.com>
> *Subject:* Re: [E-trademarks] [EXT] Re: Letter of Protest: anonymous?
>
> EXTERNAL EMAIL
>
> "Premature Use"? Never heard of that one!
>
> Pam
>
> Pamela S. Chestek
> Chestek Legal
> 300 Fayetteville St.
> Unit 2492
> Raleigh, NC 27602
> +1 919-800-8033
> pamela at chesteklegal.com
> www.chesteklegal.com <http://www.chesteklegal.com/>
>
>
> On 4/10/2024 9:41 PM, Laura Geyer via E-trademarks wrote:
>
>     Alex:
>
>     I’ve had a number of LOPs accepted over the years, and I always
>     tell clients that:
>
>      1. It’s absolutely confidential as an initial matter, and if not
>         granted, it’s pretty safe to assume nobody but G-d and an
>         unidentified person on the PTO staff will know about it, BUT
>      2. If granted, and especially if the applicant is aware of your
>         existence, there’s a chance that they’ll /guess/ who is
>         responsible especially if your mark is the only one cited. If
>         it’s one of those 13 mark 2(d)s 🙄🙄🙄 you might squeak past,
>         but if it’s the corporate equivalent of a national security
>         concern then:
>      3. Just assume that it could be found out by FOIA or accidentally
>         entered into the record somehow in the process and make your
>         dispositions accordingly.
>
>     It’s just such a useful tool that it’s worth the risk. I’m not
>     aware of one of mine that leaked but certainly it wouldn’t take a
>     master carpenter to sort out who’d filed it in some of those
>     cases. I do remember back when the “Trademark King” filed to
>     register something like 80 trademark applications a number of
>     which incorporated famous trademarks (like, say, Mercedes) or
>     famous people’s names like Elton John or a bunch of generic things
>     like “Holiday Sale” (resulting in office action responses I
>     treasure to this day) all for “trademark branding”. There was a
>     rain of LOPs in lots of the famous mark applications, many of
>     which were passed on to the examiners and 2(d)s issued (that
>     probably would have issued anyway). I mean, it could have been a
>     random Concerned Citizen, but the smart money would have been on
>     the brand owners… 😉
>
>     “Who was the Trademark King,” those of you who are not old like me
>     might ask … just a few screenshots from one of his efforts.
>
>     The summary of issues that repeated for multiple office actions:
>
>     The King appealed to the Commissioner – Sir Elton had slept upon
>     his rights! He was lazy!
>
>     When the Examiner remained obdurate, the Trademark King appealed
>     to a higher authority:
>
>     Alas, it all ended in abandonment.
>
>     Have a great evening!
>
>     Laura Talley Geyer (she/her)
>
>     Of Counsel
>
>     /ND Galli Law LLC/
>
>     1200 G Street, N.W., Ste 800
>
>     Washington, DC
>
>     Tel: (202) 599-9019 (direct)
>
>     https://ndgallilaw.com/laura-geyer/
>
>     *From:*E-trademarks <e-trademarks-bounces at oppedahl-lists.com>
>     <mailto:e-trademarks-bounces at oppedahl-lists.com> *On Behalf Of
>     *Alex Butterman via E-trademarks
>     *Sent:* Wednesday, April 10, 2024 3:54 PM
>     *To:* For trademark practitioners. This is not for laypersons to
>     seek legal advice. <e-trademarks at oppedahl-lists.com>
>     <mailto:e-trademarks at oppedahl-lists.com>
>     *Cc:* Alex Butterman <abutterman at dbllawyers.com>
>     <mailto:abutterman at dbllawyers.com>
>     *Subject:* Re: [E-trademarks] [EXT] Re: Letter of Protest: anonymous?
>
>     *EXTERNAL EMAIL*
>
>     That’s a good question. I have a fed government agency client that
>     figured their Letters of Protest could be discovered by a FOIA
>     request.
>
>     *Alex Butterman*
>
>     Partner**
>
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>     *From:*E-trademarks <e-trademarks-bounces at oppedahl-lists.com> *On
>     Behalf Of *Crane, Susan via E-trademarks
>     *Sent:* Wednesday, April 10, 2024 08:06 AM
>     *To:* For trademark practitioners. This is not for laypersons to
>     seek legal advice. <e-trademarks at oppedahl-lists.com>
>     *Cc:* Crane, Susan <susan.crane at wyndham.com>
>     *Subject:* [EXT] Re: [E-trademarks] Letter of Protest: anonymous?
>
>     True, but is it possible you can file a FOIA request to get the
>     original letter?
>
>     Susan L. Crane
>     Group Vice President, Legal
>     Intellectual Property, Brands & Marketing
>
>     Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc.
>     22 Sylvan Way
>     Parsippany, NJ 07054
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>     Susan.Crane at wyndham.Com
>
>         On Apr 10, 2024, at 8:04 AM, Michael Brown via E-trademarks
>         <e-trademarks at oppedahl-lists.com> wrote:
>
>         
>
>         The Letter of Protest does not get sent to the applicant, nor
>         is it part of the TSDR record. However, if approved, a
>         memorandum from the Office of the Deputy Commissioner to the
>         Examining Attorney with the relevant information for
>         consideration
>
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>         The Letter of Protest does not get sent to the applicant, nor
>         is it part of the TSDR record. However, if approved, a
>         memorandum from the Office of the Deputy Commissioner to the
>         Examining Attorney with the relevant information for
>         consideration is part of the TSDR record, so if there is
>         information that would identify the Protestor, that might give
>         it away.
>
>         If you are interested, contact me off list, and I can point
>         you to a case or two where I had LoPs accepted.
>
>         Best regards,
>         Michael
>
>
>         Michael Brown
>         Michael J Brown Law Office
>
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>         On Wed, Apr 10, 2024 at 3:05 AM Judith S via E-trademarks
>         <e-trademarks at oppedahl-lists.com> wrote:
>
>             Hi All,
>
>             I have a small client who is contemplating filing a Letter
>             of Protest against a larger competitor who filed a
>             trademark for a term they consider generic or descriptive
>             of the technology they use.
>
>             They are concerned that if they are identified as the
>             "Protestor" there might be retaliation.
>
>             The "Name of Protestor" field instruction says "Enter the
>             full legal name of the entity objecting to the
>             registration of a mark in a pending application, i.e., the
>             name of the individual, corporation, partnership, or other
>             entity that is protesting registration of a mark, NOT the
>             person or firm completing the Letter of Protest."
>
>             Could we use the name of the in-house attorney who is
>             initiating the objection or some other name?
>
>             Thanks for any insight.
>
>             Judith
>
>             -- 
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